2020年5月1日 星期五

Uses and abuses of the Second Amendment

And an easy oven dinner for the weekend.
An “American Patriot Rally” including armed demonstrators on April 30 at the Michigan State Capitol, demanding the reopening of businesses.Jeff Kowalsky/Agence France-Presse — Getty Images
Author Headshot

By Jamelle Bouie

Opinion Columnist

If you’ve been following the anti-lockdown protests, you’ve probably caught sight of the scenes from Michigan, where groups of armed and unarmed demonstrators marched on the State Capitol grounds, demanding an end to emergency measures. Many of them clad in paramilitary gear and waving flags associated with right-wing movements (the Gadsden flag, the Confederate flag), they denounced Gov. Gretchen Whitmer, a Democrat, as a “tyrant” and promised insurrection if she continued to enforce the lockdown.

Whitmer is popular with the public at large, but she has become a chief target for anti-lockdown protesters, largely because of her high-profile tangle with President Trump. But I don’t want to get into the particulars of Whitmer’s political position as much as I want to make a note about the anti-government militias that seem to dominate the protests.

As understood by the Supreme Court, the Second Amendment guarantees the right to own and bear arms. Americans can purchase guns, they can carry them on their person, they can use them for recreation or in self-defense, they can collect and stockpile them. But I think the scenes from Michigan represent a dangerous move from bearing arms to brandishing them. I’m not sure we can say the participants were protesting as much as they were trying to force lawmakers to bend to their will under threat of lethal violence.

Writing on the violence in Charlottesville, Va., in August 2017, Dahlia Lithwick and Mark Joseph Stern of Slate magazine made the powerful point that in a clash between armed protesters and their unarmed opponents, Second Amendment open-carry rights can “swallow” First Amendment rights to free speech:

Nonviolent demonstrators lose their right to assemble and express their ideas because the police are too apprehensive to shield them from violence. The right to bear arms overrides the right to free speech. And when protesters dress like militia members and the police are confused about who is with whom, chaos is inevitable.

What we witnessed in Michigan is a supercharged version of this dynamic, when the Second Amendment effectively grants a kind of super citizenship, where carrying a gun allows you to threaten democratic deliberation itself, so long as it is done “peacefully.” And of course, this super citizenship is not actually available to all Americans; it is contingent on race and gender. Or, as I argued in the context of the gun march on Richmond, Va., in January:

In Virginia and many of the 30 other states that allow open carry, Americans have a right to mass, armed protest. But that right, and the right to bear arms in general, is informed by the settler history of the American nation and structured by hierarchies of race and gender, despite our collective pretense to universalism. Or put another way, every American has a right to gun ownership, but the paradigmatic gun owner is still a white man.

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What I Wrote

I started the week with a column on how we’re witnessing a spreading class consciousness among America’s most “essential” workers.

The strikes and protests of the past month have been small, but they aren’t inconsequential. The militancy born of immediate self-protection and self-interest can grow into calls for deeper, broader transformation. And if the United States continues to stumble its way into yet another generation-defining economic catastrophe, we may find that even more of its working class comes to understand itself as an agent of change — and action.

And I finished it with a column about Justin Amash and the futility of third-party presidential campaigns:

Our politics are plainly inhospitable to third parties. But the usual answer — that this reflects a failure of will or imagination among voters, or that it’s the result of a constructed “duopoly” — is wrong. The reason for third-party failure is embedded in the structure of our politics. Americans who want more choice at the ballot box — to say nothing of Americans who want a European-style parliamentary democracy — have to change that structure.

Now Reading

Jonathan Rauch on the legacy of George Wallace, in The Atlantic.

Marina Bolotnikova on Walter Johnson’s new history of St. Louis, in Harvard Magazine.

Jake Goldenfein on facial-recognition technology in Public Books.

Paula Findlen on the Decameron in The Boston Review.

Amanda Mull on the opening of Georgia in The Atlantic.

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Feedback

If you’re enjoying what you’re reading, please consider recommending it to friends. They can sign up here. If you want to share your thoughts on an item in this week’s newsletter or on the newsletter in general, please email me at jamelle-newsletter@nytimes.com.

Photo of the Week

A church in Albemarle County, Va.Jamelle Bouie

This church is right down the street from Monticello and has a wonderfully red roof. I took a picture of it one morning, at the peak of magic hour, when the sunlight is bright but not too strong. I used a small, Olympus 35 mm point-and-shoot camera.

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Now Eating: Oven-Roasted Chicken Shawarma

A staple of weekday eating in the Bouie household, I served this with homemade hummus and pita, as well as chopped fresh herbs and tahini sauce. Recipe comes from The New York Times Cooking section.

Ingredients

  • 2 lemons
  • ½ cup plus 1 tablespoon olive oil
  • 6 cloves garlic, peeled, smashed and minced
  • 1 teaspoon kosher salt
  • 2 teaspoons freshly ground black pepper
  • 2 teaspoons ground cumin
  • 2 teaspoons paprika
  • ½ teaspoon turmeric
  • A pinch ground cinnamon
  • Red pepper flakes, to taste
  • 2 pounds boneless, skinless chicken thighs
  • 1 large red onion, peeled and quartered
  • 2 tablespoons chopped fresh parsley

Directions

Prepare a marinade for the chicken. Combine the lemon juice, ½ cup olive oil, garlic, salt, pepper, cumin, paprika, turmeric, cinnamon and red pepper flakes in a large bowl, then whisk to combine. Add the chicken and toss well to coat. Cover and store in refrigerator for at least 1 hour and up to 12 hours.

When ready to cook, heat oven to 425 degrees. Use the remaining tablespoon of olive oil to grease a rimmed sheet pan. Add the quartered onion to the chicken and marinade and toss once to combine. Remove the chicken and onion from the marinade and place on the pan, spreading everything evenly across it.

Put the chicken in the oven and roast until it is browned, crisp at the edges and cooked through, about 30 to 40 minutes. Remove from the oven, allow to rest 2 minutes, then slice into bits. (To make the chicken even crisper, set a large pan over high heat, add a tablespoon of olive oil to the pan, then the sliced chicken, and sauté until everything curls tight in the heat.)

IN THE TIMES

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On Tech: Big Tech’s worries should worry you

When the most successful companies are anxious, you know we’re in scary times.

Big Tech’s worries should worry you

The New York Times

America’s technology superpowers are a little nervous. That’s sensible, and also terrifying.

Financial reports filing in from Apple, Amazon, Facebook, Google and others show the big tech companies are holding up OK — great, even. As expected, so far the big and powerful are growing, hiring and spending as many other businesses fight just to survive a pandemic-driven economic freeze.

But even the tech titans have lots of shrugs and buts. They’re confident about the far-off future, yet cautious about what’s on the horizon. No one wants to be overly optimistic or overextended.

This might be posturing; it’s tacky to gloat when many millions of people have lost their jobs. But the worrying feels genuine. When the most successful companies are anxious, you know we’re in scary times.

As the big tech companies talked about dollars and cents this week, pride was the prevailing mood. The bosses at Amazon, Microsoft, Google and Facebook know we’re leaning hard on their products and services. They believe — correctly — that they’ll benefit if we permanently live, work and shop more online.

But the nerves were there, too. “I remain very concerned that this health emergency and therefore the economic fallout will last longer than people are currently anticipating,” Facebook’s chief executive, Mark Zuckerberg, said.

Both Zuckerberg and Google’s executives said — again correctly — that they’re at the mercy of economic ups and downs. If people aren’t buying new cars, Ford isn’t going to buy as many ads on Facebook, Google or The New York Times.

It’s sensible caution, but it’s unusual for Zuckerberg to stress Facebook’s inherent fragility. He also talked more than I’ve ever heard before about keeping his company’s spending in check so Facebook has a cushion for bad times.

Facebook and Google said that they weren’t hiring as much as expected in some areas and that they planned to spend less than they forecast on new buildings and other big-ticket items. These companies are doing well, and they’re still doing the rich company’s version of pinching pennies.

Apple, Amazon and Google said they couldn’t predict what their numbers would look like in the next few months. Apple hadn’t done that in more than a decade, Bloomberg News reported.

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Even though we’re shopping a ton on Amazon, the company isn’t cashing in. Amazon is barely breaking even on our jars of peanut butter and toilet paper. And the company is spending a fortune to make sure shoppers get what they want and employees are safe — areas where the company has struggled.

The tech companies that now seem unassailable were tiny little things, relatively speaking, the last time there was a recession. Facebook was a toddler, and Amazon was still getting most of its money from books, CDs and DVDs.

People have wondered how these 21st-century titans would fare in the next recession. We’re going to find out. It looks like they’ll be just fine, but even they’re not so sure.

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The homework gap is stark

This pandemic is exposing the divide between the internet haves and have-nots.

In a recent survey by the Pew Research Center, one in five American parents with kids now home said it was somewhat or very likely that their children wouldn’t be able to complete their classwork online.

The reasons they cited included a lack of access to a computer or internet connection at home. And about 30 percent of parents said it’s at least somewhat likely that their children would have to do assignments on a cellphone.

The Pew survey backed what my Times colleagues have written about the struggles of families in rural or low-income households as many school districts moved to online instruction.

Among the parents in the Pew survey with lower incomes, about 40 percent said their kids may have to use Wi-Fi in public places to do schoolwork, because there wasn’t reliable internet at home. The figure was just 6 percent among higher-income survey respondents.

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Before we go …

  • There are so many bogus claims about artificial intelligence: But the Times technology reporter Cade Metz found a genuinely helpful outcome when London researchers used an artificial intelligence tool to scour scientific literature for possible coronavirus treatments. Two days later, it identified an arthritis medication with so much potential that it is being fast-tracked.
  • Employers, WHAT are you doing? Companies are buying software that catalogs everything employees do, say, watch and listen to while working from home, The Washington Post reports. Software can flag, for example, when people are typing words like “job” and “client,” which might signal employees are looking for new jobs. Another option: trusting people to be adults.
  • Is Silicon Valley the next Detroit? Margaret O’Mara, a contributing Opinion writer at The Times, writes that after World War II, American car companies could no longer resist tighter safety and emissions rules and workers’ demands for better pay. She believes today’s tech superpowers may be similarly transformed in coming years by more regulation and employee activism.

Hugs to this

No, I’m not crying. (Sniff.) Volunteer staff members at a Florida pet kennel cheered at the empty cages. All the good doggos had been adopted for the first time ever.

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