2020年9月11日 星期五

A reading list for you American history nerds

A dive into the Revolution and the Early Republic.
The cabin of John and Priscilla Hemings, who were enslaved, on Mulberry Row at Monticello.Damon Winter/The New York Times
Author Headshot

By Jamelle Bouie

Opinion Columnist

For the last year or so, roughly since the 1619 Project was published in The New York Times Magazine, I’ve been on a long-term binge of academic work on the American Revolution and the early American republic. This is a massive field, and it would take years to do the kind of serious research that would make me into an expert. But I have been reading a lot, and I thought I would share my reading list with you, in case you’re also interested in the period and would like to read beyond biographies and popular histories.

What I’ve read so far:

Slavery’s Constitution: From Revolution to Ratification,” by David Waldstreicher

The Counter-Revolution of 1776: Slave Resistance and the Origins of the United States of America,” by Gerald Horne

Original Meanings: Politics and Ideas in the Making of the Constitution,” by Jack N. Rakove

A Slaveholders’ Union: Slavery, Politics, and the Constitution in the Early American Republic,” by George William Van Cleve

The Framers’ Coup: The Making of the United States Constitution,” by Michael J. Klarman

The Glorious Cause: The American Revolution, 1763 to 1789,” by Robert Middlekauff

Forced Founders: Indians, Debtors, Slaves, and the Making of the American Revolution in Virginia,” by Woody Holton

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What I am currently reading:

Empire of Liberty: A History of the Early Republic, 1789 to 1815,” by Gordon S. Wood

Bind Us Apart: How Enlightened Americans Invented Racial Segregation,” by Nicholas Guyatt

The Common Cause: Creating Race and Nation in the American Revolution,” by Robert G. Parkinson

What is on my list for the future:

Liberty’s Exiles: American Loyalists in the Revolutionary World,” by Maya Jasanoff

Ratification: The People Debate the Constitution, 1787 to 1788,” by Pauline Maier

Women of the Republic: Intellect and Ideology in Revolutionary America,” by Linda K. Kerber

American Taxation, American Slavery,” by Robin L. Einhorn

Water From the Rock: Black Resistance in a Revolutionary Age,” by Sylvia R. Frey

The Other Founders: Anti-Federalism and the Dissenting Tradition in America, 1788 to 1828,” by Saul Cornell

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Revolutionary Founders: Rebels, Radicals, and Reformers in the Making of the Nation,” edited by Alfred F. Young, Gary B. Nash and Ray Raphael

Looking over this list, I see I need to read more women historians! So if you have any suggestions, I would love to hear them. Either way, I hope you find this helpful if you share my interest in the early history of this country.

Now Reading

Jacob T. Levy on power and stigma for the Niskanen Center

Christian Paz on the political neglect of Latino voters for The Atlantic

Rachel Tashjian on the long legacy of Jean-Michel Basquiat in GQ

Colette Shade on mental health and the American military in The Baffler

Pamela Karlan on the looming crisis of the November election in The New York Review of Books

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Feedback

If you’re enjoying what you’re reading, please consider recommending it to friends. They can sign up here. If you want to share your thoughts on an item in this week’s newsletter or on the newsletter in general, please email me at jamelle-newsletter@nytimes.com.

Photo of the Week

A Shell gas station in Charlottesville, Va.Jamelle Bouie

I spend a lot of time wandering Charlottesville at night, either on foot or on my bike. I always have a camera with me, and I try to take a few pictures each time I go out. This photo is from a recent outing. I was biking home and for whatever reason this gas station — which I pass almost every day — caught my eye.

Now Eating: Summer Squash Fritters

The latest entry in my “how to use all of your zucchini and squash” recipe series. These are incredibly simple and very delicious. My only change is I think you should let the shredded squash sit and drain for much longer than the recipe recommends. To do this, sprinkle ¼ teaspoon of salt over the squash, toss, and then set in a mesh strainer placed over a bowl. Let it hang for at least 30 minutes, rinse, and squeeze out the excess water. This should keep excess moisture out of your fritters. You can also replace ¼ cup of flour with cornstarch to make the fritters even crisper. Recipe comes from the New York Times Cooking section.

Ingredients

  • 1¼ cups all-purpose flour
  • ½ cup shredded white Cheddar
  • 1 teaspoon kosher salt
  • 1 teaspoon ground black pepper
  • 1 teaspoon garlic powder
  • 2 large eggs
  • ¾ cup cold beer
  • 1 cup grated zucchini (about one 6- to 7-ounce zucchini), drained on paper towels 15 minutes
  • 1 cup grated yellow squash (about one 6-to 7-ounce squash), drained on paper towels 15 minutes
  • 1 small yellow onion, halved and thinly sliced
  • ½ cup canola oil, for frying

Directions

Combine flour, Cheddar, salt, pepper and garlic powder in a large bowl. In a separate bowl, gently whisk eggs with beer. Pour egg mixture into flour mixture and stir until combined. Stir in zucchini, yellow squash and onion.

Heat canola oil in a large heavy-bottomed skillet over medium-high heat. Drop about 1 tablespoon of batter into the oil per fritter and fry 4 to 6 fritters at a time until golden brown, 2 to 3 minutes a side. Remove to paper towels to drain. Serve hot.

IN THE TIMES

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2020年9月10日 星期四

On Tech: Social media shaming your college

Students are using apps to shame their schools into better coronavirus plans.

Social media shaming your college

Jonathan Djob Nkondo

We’ve all seen social media used to shame people we disagree with. Those milliseconds of tsk-tsking might feel good, but I doubt they’re helpful.

Then my colleague Natasha Singer told me about pandemic shaming I can get behind.

College students are using TikTok, Twitter and other apps to embarrass their universities when they fail to care for people who have been isolated in special Covid-19 dorms or are in quarantine units because of a possible exposure.

Natasha, who wrote this week about universities botching on-campus quarantines, talked to me about how young people — often being shamed for acting irresponsibly in the pandemic — are now turning the tables on the grown-ups, and how colleges are sometimes over-relying on technology that doesn’t do much to protect students.

Shira: Tell me your tales of students using social media to shame their schools.

Natasha: Many people have seen the online videos of students stuck in quarantine or isolation documenting crummy or nonexistent university-provided meals.

But what I found went deeper: Sick students are making videos about how they felt universities abandoned them once they tested positive and moved into special Covid dorms.

And there are a bunch of students who shared online their shock that virus-infected students or people who were waiting for tests were assigned to share a room, bathroom or dorm — conditions that they worried could foster infections. In some cases, their colleges then improved services for quarantined students.

College students are also being shamed on social media for their behavior.

Yes, some kids are partying or going to bars in large numbers without masks. But epidemiologists said some schools also made the risks worse by failing to make systemic changes to help curtail the virus. They also said some schools have significantly reduced occupancy in dorms, a change that could help hinder outbreaks.

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Sending infected students home is dangerous because it risks spreading the coronavirus to their families and communities. What should colleges do?

Public health experts say the best practice is for schools to care for the mental and physical health of students who are quarantined, and not leave them to fend for themselves.

Many schools didn’t seem to have a plan in place to closely monitor and care for students in isolation dorms, and hadn’t envisioned what it’s like for an 18-year-old who gets sick and feels cut off.

What are examples of colleges that did make useful changes?

Tulane University has nurses on staff 24-7 in a dorm for students with infections. The nurses deliver meals three times a day and check on students to make sure they’re OK.

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Tufts University created modular, individual isolation housing units in a parking lot for students with virus infections. School officials said they didn’t want to put sick students in old dorms that lacked elevators — which might be needed to transport a student to a hospital.

You previously reported on workplaces trying to protect employees from the coronavirus. How are colleges acting differently or the same?

One similarity is that workplaces have used a lot of unproven or iffy technology, like fever screening devices, that make people feel safer but might not actually do much to mitigate coronavirus risks. Universities are now going ahead with some of the same technologies, when they could be using a more proven technique: frequent virus testing.

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Why your wildfire photos don’t look like real life

The sky in places on the West Coast turned a murky orange this week because of wildfires. But some people said that photos they took on their phones made their apocalyptic skies look almost normal.

What gives? Well, digital cameras try to take snapshots that look better than reality.

“Any camera doesn’t see exactly what the human eye sees; it’s not an exact duplication,” James Estrin, a staff photographer for The New York Times, told me. Most smartphones, he said, are “programmed to make the most pleasing photos for people, and that usually means a bright blue sky.”

Imagine the software in your smartphone camera digesting that eerie orange hue, and figuring that is not how the sky is supposed to look. That’s why some people were having trouble capturing how scary it looked outside their windows.

James said that most of the time, we want cameras to tinker with our snapshots. People like me who aren’t capable photographers don’t want to think about exposure times, shutter speeds or color balance. And I want my phone to make my photos less blurry or brighten images from a dark restaurant. Reality is overrated.

But for people who are frustrated that their smartphones aren’t accurately capturing what they see, there are apps like Snapseed and Halide that let people adjust the color on their smartphone-shot photos. (Check out these before-and-after app-adjusted shots from a Bloomberg News journalist in San Francisco.)

James said apps like Photos included on iPhones have edit options, and choosing “warmer” colors will restore those photos of the orange skies to something closer to what people see with their own eyes.

“They are extraordinary cameras in general,” James said about our smartphones. Some of his iPhone photos have been published in The Times, too.

You deserve more interesting and fun things for your ear holes. Let me point you to “Sway,” a new podcast about power and influence from my colleagues at Times Opinion and the tech journalist Kara Swisher. Check out the trailer.

Before we go …

  • Who is responsible for workers who aren’t employees? Uber and other “gig” companies classify their workers as contractors and not employees, leaving a legal gray area about who is responsible for injuries or mistreatment on the job.My colleagues Kellen Browning and Kate Conger write that a civil rights nonprofit is asking California regulators to step up protections for house cleaners who booked work through a gig app called Handy and said they were sexually harassed by clients and couldn’t get Handy to address it.
  • He helps make sure “the babies” can do remote school: Online school stinks, but the education news website The 74 has a lovely article about the head of information technology for San Antonio’s schools. He helped prep teachers for remote instruction and set up a tech support help desk that fielded up to 1,400 calls from families on the first day of virtual school. He and other staff members refer to students, affectionately, as “the babies.”(I first read about this in The Times’s Coronavirus Schools Briefing, which you should sign up for!)
  • “We need ways to politely disconnect.” YES, PLEASE, to this OneZero columnist’s plea for universal digital “away messages.” These pop-up notices, popularized by 2000s-era AOL, automatically notify people who are emailing, messaging and texting us that we are trying not to be distracted and will read all that stuff later. Or never.

Hugs to this

I envy the life of Tiptoe the 175-pound tortoise, whose big outing was a stroll across the street — motivated by his “walking snackies.”

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