2020年12月3日 星期四

On Tech: Think local about the digital divide

DIY internet projects like this one in the Bronx may help us get more Americans online.

Think local about the digital divide

Nicole Ginelli

A rooftop in the Bronx may point a way to a better internet in the United States.

On a recent Monday, workers bolted an internet antenna — a flat, rectangular-shaped box fitted onto a metal pole — to the side of the rooftop of a Catholic school in the South Bronx. It beams free wireless internet to people who live in the immediate area. About 38 percent of Bronx residents don’t have home internet, even higher than the 29 percent for all of the city.

The pandemic has put a spotlight on America’s pernicious gap between those who can get online and those who can’t because internet lines don’t reach their homes or they can’t afford access or computers — or all of the above.

The Bronx project, led in part by a clean energy start-up called BlocPower and community organizations including South Bronx Churches, is among many that try to tackle this big problem by thinking small. The initiative uses technology that creates improvised internet signals that cover a defined area with relatively little hassle, bureaucracy or cost.

Small-scale internet projects like this are far from perfect. They can struggle for lack of money, technology problems or failures to get residents involved.

But people I’ve spoken to who are pushing for better and more fair online access in the United States say that small-scale internet networks, in combination with savvier government funding and policies, are part of the solution to America’s digital divide. And we might be seeing more of these efforts: New York officials said in July that they planned to redirect taxpayer money from the Police Department to help fund more community internet networks, particularly for residents in public housing.

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Donnel Baird, BlocPower’s chief executive, said that he wants to help prove that it doesn’t necessarily cost a fortune for local officials, business executives and community groups to expand internet access in big cities.

“There is no reason people in New York, Detroit and Chicago shouldn’t have internet access,” Baird told me. “This is a totally solvable problem.”

Initiatives like the one in the South Bronx are essentially sophisticated DIY internet projects. Organizations like BlocPower pay fees to gain access to existing internet lines owned by cable or phone companies, and antennas installed on high spots like rooftops pass the internet signals from point to point.

Wireless receivers installed inside residences or commercial buildings carry the signals farther. In these types of systems, typically called mesh internet, each new antenna makes the internet connections for everyone stronger and more reliable.

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There are small commercial internet providers that use this or similar technologies, including Monkeybrains in the Bay Area and Brooklyn Fiber in New York, as well as government- or community-run small internet networks, such as the wireless internet network in Coshocton County, Ohio, and The Point in the Bronx.

Small-scale projects aren’t a panacea. Some municipal internet programs have struggled, and Baird and others involved in local internet networks say they can’t succeed unless residents have some ownership and authority over them. The BlocPower network is just getting started, and it’s too soon to tell if it will catch on.

This is not a new problem, nor are politicians’ pledges to do something about it. President Trump and now President-elect Joe Biden have said they want to bring internet service to more Americans.

But the more I’ve spoken to people about this problem, the more I believe the solution won’t be a Big Bang fix but instead a diversity of approaches involving better government funding and less chaotic policies at the federal level, as well as self-interested corporations and local community groups or towns running their own internet networks tailored to their needs. Our colleagues at DealBook have a package of ideas to fix America, and one suggestion was to give every kid a computer.

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This year has left me mostly enraged at the state of our internet in America. These conversations have made me hopeful that thinking local could be part of the answer.

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Teaching to empty screens is like a ‘séance’

My colleague Natasha Singer wrote a great article this week about the strain educators are facing during the pandemic from teaching in the classroom, remotely or in combination, while they and their students are also trying to stay safe and deal with home challenges. It’s a lot.

Natasha also wrote this dispatch about the unintended consequences of students’ technology use that are complicating virtual learning:

One of the most demoralizing aspects of pandemic teaching, educators told me, is not being able to see their remote students.

That is because, in schools that offer privacy choices, many students keep their webcams or audio turned off during live video lessons. Indeed, some students are interacting with their teachers only by typing comments in a chat connected to the video. Many educators say they are now teaching live video lessons to empty screens.

“We often joke that we feel like we’re holding séances on a daily basis,” said Mircea Arsenie, an environmental science teacher at a Chicago public high school, “because we’re sitting there going, ‘Is anybody there?!!?’”

Some students turn off their webcams for privacy — they don’t want people peering at their family members or homes. Other students turn off webcams to play games on their phones or text their friends.

But there’s also a deeper issue, said Amanda Kaupp, a psychology teacher at a public high school in St. Louis. Students have developed passive technology habits from constantly consuming entertainment like YouTube and Netflix videos.

Now with remote learning, schools are asking students to instantly develop active relationships with technology, she said, while many digital tools are poorly designed, and students are distracted and stressed out by the pandemic. Kaupp said that 70 percent of students in a recent live lesson admitted they were at that moment also using their phones.

“I have long felt that the obsession with tech in the classroom was an obsession with a false god,” Kaupp said, “and even more so now.”

Before we go …

Hugs to this

Also from Natasha is this video of a teacher in Chicago and his wife who dressed up for Halloween to visit students he hadn’t seen in person all year. It’s wonderful. The sign he’s carrying reads: “Trick or Treat. Keep Six Feet. You are the students we love to teach!”

We want to hear from you. Tell us what you think of this newsletter and what else you’d like us to explore. You can reach us at ontech@nytimes.com.

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2020年12月2日 星期三

The T List: Holiday Gift Guide, Part II

Artisanal jams, lacquered bracelets — and more.

Welcome to the T List, a newsletter from the editors of T Magazine. For this week, we’ve turned it into the second installment of our holiday gift guide, with recommendations from T staffers on what we are coveting for ourselves this season, as well as the gifts we’re thinking of giving our friends and loved ones. Read the first edition here, and sign up here to find us in your inbox every Wednesday. And you can always reach us at tlist@nytimes.com.

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Sweet Treats

Hand-Painted Chocolates From Beverly Hills

The 24-piece Signature Collection box from andSons, $59, and-sons.com.Ed Rudolph

The Beverly Hills chocolatier andSons was launched last year by the brothers Marc and Phil Covitz, who grew up watching their mother, Aviva, run the local outpost of the Swiss chocolate brand Teuscher. Hoping to create American chocolates as luxurious as those they ate as children, the pair — along with the esteemed pastry chef Kriss Harvey — debuted their own hand-painted bonbons (some filled with fruit-forward ganaches, others with rich house-made pralines and popping candies), which come in beautiful foil-stamped boxes that open from their center. No less covetable are the brand’s holiday specials, including its Eggnog Snowmen, with white chocolate shells and creamy centers that strike the perfect balance between sugar and spice.

Festive Trimmings

Fragrant Holiday Wreaths Complete With Bows

From left: Flowerbx Winter White Outdoor Wreath, $175, and Red Berry Outdoor Wreath, $170, flowerbx.com.Courtesy of Flowerbx

By Alexa Brazilian

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There may not be a gift more likely to be universally well received than an expertly arranged winter wreath. And Flowerbx, the international flower purveyor headquartered in London, is offering some of the most beautiful versions around, from a traditional grouping of Douglas and nobilis fir, alpine cones and pussy willow to a uniquely aromatic blend of wood-scented pine, red seeded eucalyptus and rose hips. The availability of specific styles will vary depending on supply and your location, but they can be shipped from almost anywhere in the world, with complimentary standard delivery in the U.S. (around two to three days); orders should be made by December 19 to ensure arrival before Christmas. If your hearth needs a little trimming, twisted garlands of eucalyptus, berries and fir are also just a click away.

Kitchen Ware

A Bread Cloche That Marries Form and Function

Isatu Hyde bread cloche, $200, studioartificer.com.Courtesy of Studio Artificer

By Alice Newell-Hanson

In my fantasy kitchen there would be not much more than one big pot, a single perfect knife and a heat source, and all other unnecessary equipment would be banned. (No more apple corers or egg slicers.) But I would make an exception for this bread cloche, which is impressively effective: Made from mica-rich clay in England by the ceramist Isatu Hyde, it creates a steamy enclosure for your dough as it bakes in the oven, producing bread with a uniquely light texture and well-developed crust. It is also pretty enough to sit on your counter and double as a vessel in which to store your loaf.

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Sporty Accents

Equestrian-Inspired Lacquered Bracelets

Hermès Jumping Bangle PM Bois Laque, $145 each, (800) 441-4488.Courtesy of Hermès

By Caitie Kelly

There are few thrills greater than receiving an Hermès orange box, especially around the holidays. This year, I have my sights set on these painted wood bracelets, which can be worn individually, but look best when stacked on the wrist. Hand-lacquered in France, their sporty saffron, burgundy and coral stripes were inspired by the 19th-century blankets once used to cover racehorses (an updated version of which Hermès now sells as the Rocabar throw for the home). I like that the bangles don’t feel too precious (or expensive), while still possessing the elements of history and craftsmanship for which the brand is known.

Stocking Stuffers

Artisanal Jams and Wholesome Honeys

Left: Trade Street Jam Co. jams, from $14, tradestjamco.com. Right: Zach & Zoë Sweet Bee Farm honey, from $20, zachandzoe.co.Courtesy of the brands

By Kristina Samulewski

Holiday parties might be on hold, but extra time at home is cause enough to elevate one’s pantry. Two of my go-to brands are Trade Street Jam Co. and the family-owned raw honey farm and label Zach & Zoë Sweet Bee Farm. The first finds ways to use less sugar to create small batches of jams with offbeat flavor combinations such as strawberry, chipotle and fig, while the second blends its honeys with other superfoods like bee pollen and beetroot powder. Try glazing your butternut squash with plum and rose jam or dressing up your morning bowl of granola with a drizzle of wildflower-lavender honey.

Table Trinkets

Ceramic Insects That Bring the Garden Indoors

Houses & Parties ceramic insects, $162, housesandparties.com.Courtesy of Houses & Parties

By Kurt Soller

The Dewberry in Charleston, S.C., is one of America’s most interesting hotels — truly Southern, it’s both insouciant and warmhearted — and for its holiday pop-up shop this year, the hotel has found an ideal collaborator in Houses & Parties, a new online retailer created by the Savannah- and New York-based interiors and event designer Rebecca Gardner. The vibe is establishment dinner party gone kooky: There are chintz tablecloths, patterned china and colorful, faceted glassware that, when arranged together, suggest a sunnier, more social time. I’ll be sending friends the ceramic insects, a swarm of 10 different beetles and dragonflies made by hand in France with intricately glazed bodies and wired legs or antennae. Someday, they’ll make for unique place-card holders for guests — for now, they’re welcome tabletop distractions.

Thoughtful Giving

Worthy Social Organizations Selected by The Times

Ali Awow and his daughter Anisa in 2019 at the custom clothing shop he runs out of a stall in a San Diego market. Awow, a Somali refugee, established his business with the help of the International Rescue Committee, one of 10 organizations supported by The New York Times Neediest Cases Fund this year.Sandy Huffaker for The New York Times

By Kate Guadagnino

A few years ago, I stumbled across a January 1988 New York Times article about people who’d recently given to the paper’s Neediest Cases Fund — which dates back to Christmas Day 1911 and solicits donations from readers for the less fortunate — and was delighted to read that my mother had donated $100 in my father’s name. At the time, she was working for the Legal Aid Society of New York in Queens as a public defender and likely did not have an abundance of disposable income. (She was also weeks away from finding out she was pregnant with a child who would develop lamentably expensive tastes.) When I brought the fact of the gift up with her, she had no recollection of it, but gave a pleasantly surprised shrug. More and more — and especially at the end of a year during which the sitting government has failed so many — I’m trying to channel her easy generosity. A contribution to the 2020-21 campaign will support 10 carefully chosen social welfare agencies (you can specify which if you’d like), from Children’s Aid to World Central Kitchen to First Book.

Read T List’s complete gift guide for this week, and our first installment, on our website.

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