2021年2月24日 星期三

On Tech: This website is my pandemic BFF

Plus, is hatred of Airbnb inevitable?

This website is my pandemic BFF

Hoi Chan

I have two essential pandemic companions: cheese and a website called JustWatch.

JustWatch isn't particularly fancy, but it tells me where I can watch a particular show or movie that I'm looking for online. That doesn't sound like a big deal, but it is.

When I read recently about a decade-old British comedy series, "Miranda," JustWatch showed me that it was streaming for free on the Roku Channel. It identified which episodes of a fun British home-building show, "Grand Designs," are on Netflix and which are missing. I wouldn't have found this out otherwise. Even Google doesn't spit out this information.

JustWatch isn't perfect, and it's not curing the coronavirus. But it (mostly) solves a small annoyance of at-home life.

The website exists because streaming entertainment is glorious — and an unruly mess. Companies care more about their bottom lines than their customers, so as streaming services scatter entertainment around like confetti, it's often impossible to figure out how they work together.

Mostly, I want to revel in what works about JustWatch.

David Croyé, the company's chief executive, told me that JustWatch computers constantly probe under the hood of more than 1,000 streaming video services and digital download catalogs from companies like Apple and Amazon. There are tens of thousands of entertainment options that constantly change and vary by country.

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Croyé said that JustWatch made it "easier for people to navigate the jungle of content and streaming services."

Lots of companies say they do this. Very few do.

Apple touts its online video app called TV as a hub for people to watch anything on their streaming services. Nope. Apple doesn't catalog options from Netflix, for example. You'll encounter similar gaps or confusion hunting for stuff on streaming gadgets like Amazon's Fire TV. It just doesn't work.

Why? Money.

Netflix doesn't want to let competitors like Apple or Amazon peer into its entertainment roster — or it wants to get paid for it. No streaming company wants to point you to "Love & Basketball" on a rival service. Google searches for streaming shows can return unreliable junk.

JustWatch is an island of reprieve, partly because it's not powerful enough for anyone to fear.

It won't tell you what's on regular TV tonight, and it makes mistakes. Margaret Lyons, my colleague who writes the Watching newsletter, uses JustWatch "constantly," she said, but finds it sometimes says shows are available places they're not. (Margaret also uses Flixable, a searchable database for several streaming services.)

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Other companies like Roku started out promising to be neutral streaming helpers and didn't stay that way. JustWatch could have that problem.

It makes money by harnessing data on what people watch to tailor entertainment companies' strategies. Sony's movie studio might use JustWatch's information to target online movie trailers to horror film fans.

It can be a red flag when companies make money from data rather than people using their products. You could imagine that JustWatch might steer us to watch "Paddington" on Hulu because the company pays for the recommendation. Croyé said that it would be counterproductive if JustWatch betrayed our trust that way.

There is still no universal guide to the new TV, because streaming entertainment is a mess. (Have I mentioned this?) But for now, JustWatch feels like the next best thing.

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Is hatred of Airbnb inevitable?

My colleague Erin Griffith's recent article about people who rent out their homes on Airbnb made me wonder again if there is something fundamentally broken with many of the digital services that we use.

Erin spoke to homeowners who felt that Airbnb's pandemic-related refunds to renters hurt their livelihoods. It made some of them realize how little power they had.

It can be hard to feel sympathy for people who own nice homes and rent them on Airbnb. But Erin's reporting pointed out an underlying flaw with practically all of the digital matchmakers like Airbnb that connect willing sellers and buyers: People eventually hate their guts.

Expedia matches hotels with people who want a room. Hotels hate it. DoorDash connects restaurants with people who want a meal at home. Restaurants hate it, and couriers sometimes do, too. Lots of merchants who sell on Amazon feel they get the short end of the stick. Some app makers feel they get a raw deal from Apple.

What Erin heard from Airbnb hosts fits this pattern. The party that is offering something for sale often believes the middleman is charging them too much, making unfair rules or growing more powerful at their expense. It is all the same flavor of grievance.

And like some restaurants, hotels and app makers, unhappy Airbnb hosts told Erin that they wanted customers to come to them directly and skip the all-powerful matchmaker.

I don't know if it is possible to wean people off these middlemen. Finding a bunch of restaurants, places to stay or merchants in one app is handy. And the complaints might be unjustified. Airbnb, the iPhone app store and DoorDash bring in huge numbers of customers who wouldn't be there otherwise.

But given how often at least one party in these matchmaking transactions grows to resent the arrangement, I wonder if any of this is sustainable.

(Full disclosure: My sister works for a hotel workers' union that has advocated for tighter regulation of Airbnb.)

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Before we go …

  • Routers are very boring but important: My colleague Brian X. Chen tested a crop of the new generation of Wi-Fi routers that promise to make our home internet connections zippier and more reliable. Brian's results weren't wow, but he has advice for us.
  • Everything is not fine with that Russian cyberattack: Members of Congress and corporate executives still aren't sure how Russia pulled off one of the most sophisticated computer hacks in history, my colleague David E. Sanger reported. And it's possible the attackers are still hanging out in government and corporate computer networks.
  • Facebook is a private State Department: ProPublica reported that Facebook executives sided with Turkey's demand to block material on the military's attacks on the Kurdish minority rather than risk being shut down in the country.

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Why Your Brain Feels Broken

Pandemic stress and multitasking can affect memory in a real way.

Why Your Brain Feels Broken

Michelle Mildenberg

I don't know how else to put it, but lately it seems like my brain is broken. I'm not functioning with the mental quickness I'm used to. I find myself struggling to locate words I want to use, like "vigilant" (it took me a full day to remember it). Sometimes when I'm especially tired in the evenings, I will trail off midsentence, and when my husband asks a follow-up question I will have completely lost my train of thought — it drives him bonkers.

I'm not the only one feeling fuzzy in this way. Anecdotally, I have heard from many parents that the multitasking, stressors and lack of sleep brought on by this Covid year have created a kind of mental overload. And it's not just parents, either. As a sketch on "Saturday Night Live" that could serve as our pandemic anthem expressed it, "I was fine in the fall but now I've hit a wall and I'm loco, as in my brain done broke-o."

It turns out that many aspects of our pandemic lives could lead to impaired executive functioning, which is a fancy way of describing the mental processes that allow us to plan, organize and remember instructions. "A lot of things need to function well for our memory to work ideally," said Marie Eckerström, a neuropsychologist at the Sahlgrenska Memory Clinic in Gothenburg, Sweden, who studies cognitive impairment.

"Managing too many details can definitely make you feel 'foggy,' and make you feel like your memory has declined," she said. For example, the fact that I have to organize some of my children's video calls along with my own schedule can lead to overload, and is why my older daughter's guitar teachers probably think my husband and I are incompetent because we only remember to log on for 50 percent of her lessons.

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"For many of us, life has changed from being divided in well-defined areas of work, kids, activities, to a situation where everything is a mix," Dr. Eckerström said, and that muddling puts a strain on our cognitive abilities.

It's not just the multitasking that makes us feel muddled, though. It's also the stress. Chronically high levels of the hormone cortisol, which is associated with stress, can lead to memory impairments in healthy adults, said Moïra Mikolajczak, a psychology professor at the Université Catholique de Louvain in Belgium, who studies parental burnout.

Parental burnout is a distinct psychological phenomenon that's beyond regular stress and exhaustion — to get that diagnosis you need to feel so exhausted by your parental role that you cannot function, you need to feel disconnected emotionally from your children, and this needs to be a marked change in behavior for you. Though she hasn't seen studies on it specifically, Dr. Mikolajczak said that she thinks it's "likely that parental burnout causes memory impairments." Work-related burnout has been associated with memory problems.

Considering that the Covid-related strains on our lives aren't going away in the near-term, what can we do to feel less scattered? With the caveat that not all of these options are feasible for parents, Inger Burnett-Zeigler, a clinical psychologist and associate professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences at Northwestern University, said that we should be assessing all of our responsibilities, and seeing if there is anything at all we can take off our plates. "A lot is being demanded of us," she said — and it's not sustainable.

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Dr. Burnett-Zeigler also recommended we try to avoid multitasking as much as possible: Keep one window open at a time on your computer, and resist the urge to toggle between work and signing your kid up for camp at the same time. "Attending to one thing for each moment can help to improve your ability to store information," she said.

Finally, going outside, or even simulating the outdoors, may help when you're feeling mentally dull. Studies have shown that spending time in nature, and even looking at pictures of nature, can improve cognitive functioning. Though it may be difficult to find the time, a 50-minute outdoor walk has been shown to improve memory and decrease anxiety, no matter what the weather is (though you will probably enjoy it a lot less if it's 25 degrees out).

In the interest of feeling less broken, my husband and I have started delegating guitar to our 8-year-old. We printed out the schedule and all the Zoom passwords and pinned them up on the bulletin board in her room; she actually likes the additional independence and responsibility. It's one small step toward … wait, what was I saying again?

P.S. Follow us on Instagram @NYTParenting. If this was forwarded to you, sign up for the NYT Parenting newsletter here.

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Tiny Victories

Parenting can be a grind. Let's celebrate the tiny victories.

We recently got a hand-held vacuum. To say my 2-year-old is delighted would be a total understatement. It only charged for 10 minutes at a time, but that's enough for him to clean up the trail of toddler debris that accumulates throughout the day and give me some "me time." — Lisa Whittle, Sydney

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