2022年3月11日 星期五

The Daily: The Nuclear Question

You asked about the threat. And we answered.
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By Lauren Jackson

Associate Audience Editor, Audio

Last week, we asked you to share with us how the news lately had left you feeling — and what questions you were still asking. Many of you wrote in saying that you felt "sad," "worried" and "helpless," and that you were questioning what could come next in this conflict. Specifically, many of you wrote in with questions about the prospect of nuclear warfare.

It's a big, scary thought, one that has shaped foreign policy in the abstract for decades. But now it feels more proximate. So we want to try to tackle some of your questions.

The big idea: The nuclear question

The Daily strives to reveal a new idea in every episode. Below, we go deeper on our show from today about President Vladimir Putin's endgame.

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A worker inside the safe confinement covering over the No. 4 reactor at Chernobyl, in Ukraine, in 2021.Oleg Petrasyuk/EPA, via Shutterstock

He thought this would be easy.

President Vladimir Putin anticipated Russian tanks would roll in and overwhelm Ukraine. He claimed his troops might even be welcomed in some corners of the country.

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What he didn't anticipate was the surging nationalism of the Ukrainian people; the world-galvanizing leadership shown by President Volodymyr Zelensky; the perception of the invasion as an attack on democratic liberalism more broadly; the reunification of polarized, fractured Western alliances; or the reinvigoration of NATO. Overnight, seemingly the entire world turned against him, resulting in comprehensive public and private sanctions that have crippled his country and thrown his power into question.

In short, he's backed into a corner. And as everyone is saying, a corner is a dangerous place to put Putin. With dwindling options for military success in Ukraine, how will he save face? Will he lash out? And in this lashing, will he turn to Russia's nuclear arsenal?

Below, we answer three of your questions on the topic from our inbox:

Are we on the brink of nuclear war?

When asked this question, President Biden had a curt answer: "No."

After the invasion of Ukraine, Putin ordered Russia's nuclear forces into a higher state of alert, the first time the Kremlin had done so since the Russian Federation was established in 1991. This came after issuing thinly veiled threats of a nuclear attack should any foreign power try to stop him from war.

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America appears to be calling Russia's bluff (or at least the Biden administration wants to appear stoic in the face of a real threat). Still, Russia and the U.S. control 90 percent of the world's nuclear weapons, so any talk of a nuclear attack raises questions no one has seriously been asking since the end of the Cold War.

Since that time, the doctrine of "mutually assured destruction" — that no state will start a nuclear war because sure retaliation would put its own fate in question — has kept nuclear weapons from being launched. While the threat being issued by Putin should be taken seriously, experts say, this doctrine should still hold. After all, Putin's goal is to reclaim former Soviet glory, which would be hard to do if Moscow was jeopardized by retaliatory nuclear missiles.

What other nuclear risks exist?

But this doesn't mean there aren't other nuclear concerns to be thinking about. One particular concern is the safety of the nuclear waste caught in the crossfire in Ukraine.

Specifically, atomic experts have been carefully watching the state of the Chernobyl nuclear facility which recently came under Russian control. Chernobyl was the scene of the worst nuclear disaster in history when one of its four reactors exploded and burned 36 years ago, and the long-defunct plant in Ukraine is completely dependent on outside sources of electricity. Experts were alarmed this week when the plant lost outside power, posing grave concerns over the storage of nuclear waste in the long term.

However, Ukraine's nuclear power agency said on Friday that more diesel fuel had been delivered to power backup generators that monitor and safeguard the large amount of radioactive waste there. The question is: As the war rolls on with no definite end in sight, can Russia ensure the safety of the waste at Chernobyl — and protect Europe from another nuclear disaster?

Is the risk for nuclear war heightened in the long term?

Bryan Walsh of Vox claimed that the war in Ukraine could portend the end of the "long peace" — the holiday from humanity's tremendously violent history that the world has enjoyed for the last few decades.

While it's too soon to say whether his predictions will come true, some experts have warned that the specter of nuclear war from a great power could force smaller states to think about whether they need to acquire nuclear weapons for self-protection. For example, a majority of South Koreans have come to favor the development of a domestic nuclear weapons program to protect against attacks from China or North Korea. Zelensky of Ukraine said that his country had made a mistake in abandoning the nuclear weapons it had inherited from the Soviet Union.

The war in Ukraine has also halted efforts to revive a nuclear agreement with Iran, and it risks scuttling the agreement entirely. The breakdown will allow Iran to move closer to the ability to build a nuclear bomb.

"I sense a period ending," Mary Elise Sarotte, a historian at Johns Hopkins University, wrote in The Times. "I am now deeply afraid that Mr. Putin's recklessness may cause the years between the Cold War and the Covid-19 pandemic to seem a halcyon period to future historians, compared with what came after. I fear we may find ourselves missing the old Cold War."

From the Daily team: Composing the sounds of loss — and nostalgia — in Ukraine

Compiled by Mahima Chablani

News Assistant, Audio

On Monday's episode, we listened to the Daily host Sabrina Tavernise as she journeyed from Kyiv, Ukraine's capital, to Lviv — a trip that took two days and two nights. One of our composers, Marion Lozano, created the music for the episode, and we wanted to share the story behind two of the motifs that you may recall hearing.

This song is occasionally used as a replacement to the main Daily theme song. But "it's more ominous," Marion said. "The main instrumentation is a piano and it's layered with ambient pads."

We asked Lynsea Garrison, one of our producers, what compelled her to choose "Slow Burn" when she was scoring the episode. "I just loved that it wasn't overly sorrowful; it had a hint of something more wistful in it, almost a bittersweet nostalgia," Lynsea said. "I wanted to use it especially under the scene when Sabrina is asking people about the lives they've left behind in the cars driving past. They were leaving behind their lives almost as fast as they were telling Sabrina about it, and I wanted something spare that evoked a deeper longing."

This song is played throughout the entire episode. Here's how Marion described it to us:

It was originally written to tie up the loose ends of a tragic story. The song contains an arpeggiating synth that plays throughout the whole song, and at times it's layered with a piano. There are also woodwind swells and piano chords that guide the song along and really tug at the listener's curiosity of 'is there light at the end of this tunnel?'

On The Daily this week

Monday: We went on the road with Ukrainian refugees fleeing the country.

Tuesday: Why Zelensky poses a unique threat to Putin.

Friday: What is Putin's endgame? Our colleague in Opinion, Ezra Klein, asked Fiona Hill, a national security expert.

That's it for the Daily newsletter. See you next week.

Have thoughts about the show? Tell us what you think at thedaily@nytimes.com.

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2022年3月9日 星期三

The T List: Five things we recommend this week

A new retreat in Oaxaca, high-tech humidifiers — and more.

Welcome to the T List, a newsletter from the editors of T Magazine. Each week, we share things we're eating, wearing, listening to or coveting now. Sign up here to find us in your inbox every Wednesday. And you can always reach us at tlist@nytimes.com.

VISIT THIS

A Solar-Powered Escape in the Oaxacan Jungle

The brick-clad spa and suites at Terrestre, designed by the Mexican architect Alberto Kalach.Jaime Navarro

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There are two ways to relax at a nice hotel: by being lavishly cared for or by retreating deeper into yourself — reading old novels, staring out at a sedate landscape, sitting in a steam room for longer than is probably advisable. All of this is available at Terrestre, a new solar-powered retreat by Mexico's Grupo Habita that's set on a quiet cactus-heavy stretch — where the jungle meets the beach — just west of Puerto Escondido, the Oaxacan surfer's enclave that has become a chic getaway among city dwellers. Designed by the rustically minded, minimalist Mexican architect Alberto Kalach and his firm, Taller de Arquitectura X (TAX), the property is hardly more than 14 connected villas in concrete, brick and wood that rise from the arid "Dune"-esque terrain like some kind of Brutalist encampment; the suites — each of which includes a private soaking pool, a hammock and walls and ceilings that can be left open to the sun and stars — encourage both outdoor exploration and calm introspection. If and when you feel like talking to others, you can head to the Mediterranean-inflected al fresco restaurant, any of the various plunge pools scattered throughout the hotel's sandy pathways or down the dirt road to Casa Wabi, an arts residency created by Bosco Sodi and designed by the Japanese legend Tadao Ando, among others, the architecture of which is unforgettable. Rooms from $350, terrestrehotel.com.

SEE THIS

Still Lifes and Landscapes That Capture Sunny Los Angeles

From left: Hilary Pecis's "Studio Table" (2021) and "Swap Meet" (2021).Courtesy of the artist and Rachel Uffner Gallery, New York; photos: Ed Mumford

By Adriane Quinlan

T Contributor

In 2012, after a stint making digital collages, Hilary Pecis found herself at home with a newborn, and started sketching still lifes of her own house. Soon after, she turned to painting them in acrylic, and expanded her view to include the cluttered California interiors of friends — tables set with stacks of art books, say, or corners of rooms stuffed with souvenirs. Like Becky Suss or Jonas Wood, she seems interested in building a record of how her generation lives, with its many markers of identity and taste, from Fiji water bottles to Dusen Dusen pillows and Ottolenghi cookbooks. These objects are presented with a slight wink, perhaps, but ultimately Pecis isn't judgmental about them. "I don't paint things I don't like," she says. Instead, her canvases are infused with joy. It's no surprise, then, that her new show at Rachel Uffner Gallery in New York is titled "Warmly," and there's a suggestion that what some call clutter goes a long way to making a cold world feel more hospitable. In addition to scenes of cozy interiors, the show includes paintings of the nature preserves she's spent the past few years jogging through, as well as one that's almost a blend of both — a record of outdoor dining that depicts the remains of a picnic set between potted cactuses. If you can't make it to the show, advance copies of Pecis's first monograph, which comes out May 3, are available through the gallery. "Warmly" is on view from Mar. 12 through May 7 at Rachel Uffner Gallery, racheluffnergallery.com.

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COVET THIS

Sculptural and Sustainable Metal Objects for the Home

Left: Tim Teven's Pressure vase atop Paul Coenen's Tension side table. Right: ashtrays by Christoph Meier, Ute Müller, Robert Schwarz and Lukas Stopczynski.David Lê for Maiden Name

By Samuel Rutter

T Contributor

Founded in New York City in 2019 by Alix Freireich and David Lê, Maiden Name is an online concept store with an in-house women's wear line. Each season, then, the pair curate a collection of stylish, sustainably minded objects from around the world. "So much in design right now is just mindless consumerism using really expensive materials," says Lê. By contrast, he and Freireich recently released a series of zero-waste metal objects for the home. There's an end table and a bowl, both largely consisting of a single curved, laser-cut piece of steel supported by its own tension, by the artist Paul Coenen, who is based in Eindhoven, the Netherlands, and into these curved pieces he's inserted smaller, flat sheets resembling fins. Tim Teven, who shares a studio with Coenen, has created a vase made of chrome with a molten, folded base, along with a gracefully curved metal table with indentations that make its surface look quilted. And then there are gleaming and hefty ashtrays made from cans of beer that were drunk and melted down by Christoph Meier, Ute Müller, Robert Schwarz and Lucas Stopczynski, a collective of European artists who displayed the ashtrays inside a vending machine in "Relax," a recent exhibition at the MAK Museum of Applied Arts in Vienna. But wouldn't it be nice to put one to use in your home, where, unlike the museum, you can actually smoke? From $200, maiden-name.com.

BUY THIS

High-Tech Humidifiers

From Left: Canopy Humidifier, $150, sephora.com. Hey Dewy Wireless Facial Humidifier, $60, heydewy.com. Dyson Purifier Humidify + Cool Formaldehyde, $900, dyson.com.Courtesy of the brands

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The little machine puffing away in the corner of the room doesn't just save your throat and sinuses. "A humidifier can change your entire skin-care game," says Dr. Shereene Idriss, a board-certified dermatologist and the founder of New York's Idriss Dermatology. "Since heaters suck the humidity out of the air, using a humidifier will redeliver hydration and change the way your skin responds to the environment." Cindy Kang, the co-founder of the Los Angeles-based company Hey Dewy, was working on marketing Barbie dolls at Mattel and looking for an alternative to her huge, clunky humidifier when she gave up and decided to develop her own. The resulting facial humidifier, as she calls it, which has since been made wireless, provides eight hours of mist from a full tank of 12.4 ounces of water and is petite enough to sit unobtrusively on a shelf or desk or move around with you throughout the day. What's more, while older humidifier models were difficult to clean and thus breeding grounds for mold, some newer ones can detect remaining water and use internal UV LED lights to kill any growth. The dermatologist Dr. Dendy Engelman recommends the dishwasher-safe Canopy humidifier, which does just that. And since we're all more familiar with air filter terminology than we once were, it's worth mentioning that Dyson's Purifier Humidify + Cool machine also has a medical-grade H13 HEPA filter, as well as interwoven silver strands that inhibit bacteria growth inside the evaporator.

VISIT THIS

A New Multipurpose Art Space in TriBeCa

Left: at Trnk NYC's new TriBeCa space, a segment chaise from Trnk Collection, a stool by Sisan Lee, ceramics from Disciplina Studio and a photograph, "Daichi," by Kin. Right: decorative objects from a range of Trnk collaborators, including AnnaLeaClelia Tunesi, Canoa Lab, Pretziada, Kansai Noguchi, Light + Ladder and Disciplina Studio.Roman Meza

By John Wogan

T Contributor

When he created the design studio and curatorial platform Trnk NYC in 2013, Tariq Dixon's intent was to push the boundaries of the typical showroom by producing exhibitions and collaborations that interrogated cultural bias within the art and design worlds. After the pandemic hit, he closed Trnk's SoHo showroom but kept the enterprise going digitally and delved into projects touching on social justice and identity. In November 2020, for instance, he collaborated with the London-based designer Evan Jerry of Studio Anansi on a collection of furniture inspired by the entangled relationship between African aesthetics and Western Modernism. Now, Dixon is opening a new brick-and-mortar space on the ground floor of a 1920s building in TriBeCa. It's divided into five separate chambers, and he hopes visitors will "meander and sit with each of the vignettes we've created." One area will function more like a traditional white box gallery and show a rotation of work by different artists — Studio Anansi is up first — while another is set up like a bedroom appointed with a low-slung bed and a velvet sofa from Trnk's house line. Elsewhere, a stairway leading to nowhere showcases ceramics by artists including AnnaLeaClelia Tunesi and Disciplina Studio. Dixon hopes, too, that the space will function as an incubator of talent and ideas. "As we discover new artists, make new friends and explore more conversations," he says, "it'll be great to have a home where all of our many seemingly disparate ideas become a cohesive vision." trnk-nyc.com.

FROM T'S INSTAGRAM

A Stirring Show From Balenciaga

Courtesy of Balenciaga

Balenciaga's artistic director, Demna, and his family fled the war in Georgia when he was a child. At the brand's latest show, the set was a vast circular arena with snow on the ground; snow blew in the models' faces as they struggled along. Some models wore only underwear and a blanket wrapped around their shoulders; others carried leather sacks that resembled plastic garbage bags. In his show notes, Demna writes, "The war in Ukraine has triggered the pain of a past trauma I have carried in me since 1993, when the same thing happened in my home country and I became a forever refugee. Forever, because that's something that stays in you. The fear, the desperation, the realization that no one wants you." Find more fashion coverage at tmagazine.com and follow us on Instagram.

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