2021年5月26日 星期三

When Your Home Is a Hormonal Hellscape

Puberty and perimenopause are a heady combination.

When Your Home Is a Hormonal Hellscape

Eleni Kalorkoti

Tamara Tiska, 48, is a single mother of a 13-year-old son, and they're both going through hormonal transitions; she's in perimenopause and he's in puberty. The past year of Covid isolation in Watertown, Mass., has been difficult for them.

"Sometimes I don't know whose mood is controlling the house, my son's or mine," she said, describing how she and her son can "spiral off" into arguments without substance, like about whether he was supposed to close a window. Because she's a single mom, "There's no one to be like, 'You're both being irrational,'" Ms. Tiska said.

When I wrote about perimenopause, the final years of a woman's reproductive life leading up to the cessation of her period, and the emotional and physical maelstrom it can create for some women, a topic that came up over and over among my sources was how hard it was to parent teenagers, who were going through their own emotional and physical changes. For example, moms and their teens may each be experiencing increased irritability, hair growth in new places, sweating that is new to them, and an overall identity transition.

This clash of perimenopause and puberty may be more common than it used to be, as the average age of first-time moms was 26 in 2016, up from 21 in 1972; and in major U.S. cities, the age of first-time mothers tends to be over 30. Perimenopause starts at age 47 on average, so more and more moms are entering a "profound identity shift" at the same time as their kids, said Dr. Lucy Hutner, a reproductive psychiatrist in New York. I had my two girls at 30 and 34, and I am already worried about the slow-rolling disaster that is going to haunt us all in five to eight years, when I'm in my mid-40s and my daughters are teens.

Mothers and their adolescent children are having similar experiences, said Lisa Damour, a clinical psychologist and the author of The New York Times's Adolescence column. "Everyone feels buffeted by hormonal storms that feel new and out of control," Dr. Damour said. "Another parallel is that your body starts acting in ways that feel strange and unfamiliar, and you're along for the ride. This is true for pubescent children, who are suddenly sprouting hair in places that are new, and for moms who are waking up in a pool of sweat."

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"I often wonder if a full night's sleep might help everyone," Ms. Tiska said. "I wake up at least once a night as a human furnace, and he's taken to staying up late and is dragging and cranky on school mornings."

Beyond everyone getting more shut eye, how can families get through these "hormonal storms" in one piece? Here are four expert tips.

Recognize that moodiness may be a feature, not a bug. Teenagers are in what Dr. Hutner described as "an ambivalent position": It's their job, developmentally, to push you away and develop their own identities, but at the same time, they see you as an emotional safe harbor. This push-pull is going to last for a long time, and it's completely normal.

For parents, this ambivalence may be harder to accept if your emotions are more erratic than usual. But just knowing that your feelings have a physiological source beyond your control may help you hold those feelings at a distance, Dr. Damour said, "and gain some perspective on it at the same time."

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Remember that even difficult emotions will pass. When teens are melting down, you need to let them feel their feelings, and get through to the other side. "Remember that emotions are like waves, not fire," Dr. Damour said. "They rise, crest and recede if we let them run their course. We don't have to worry that they're going to grow out of control and we need to try to stamp them out as fast as possible."

On her website, she has a nine-step process for managing adolescent meltdowns, which begins with listening without interrupting, and involves offering empathy, validating feelings and offering to help problem-solve.

Open up space for connecting. In busy families, so many of our conversations are about logistics (Did you do your homework? Are you hungry? Is the laundry clean?) that we can forget to make room for conversations without an agenda, Dr. Hutner said. This consistent space can take a variety of forms, depending on what works in your house: Maybe you make pancakes together every Saturday morning, or walk the dog together, or drive to soccer practice; it doesn't need to be more than 10 or 15 minutes on a regular basis. "It's amazing what will come out" of this time, Dr. Hutner said.

Take care of yourself. If you are experiencing perimenopausal symptoms, addressing them can help you manage your teen's ups and downs more ably, Dr. Hutner said. For example, brain fog, which is when your thoughts are not as clear as they once were and you may have trouble remembering words, is common among women going through the menopause transition. So speaking to a doctor about how to manage brain fog may be a first step. (The North American Menopause Society's website lists qualified physicians throughout the country and abroad.)

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If you're in a better place, you may be able to find common ground and even empathy with your teen, Dr. Damour said. Jessica Curtis, 51, of Seattle, whose kids are 19, 16 and 13, said that "learning how to put myself back on a priority list and have enough reserves" of energy has helped her empathize with and enjoy her teens, even in this difficult pandemic year. She said she's been able to let go of old expectations and rely on other parents more. "I'm sure we have some hard years ahead," she said, "and I am hopeful we can love each other through them."

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Tiny Victories

Parenting can be a grind. Let's celebrate the tiny victories.

Whenever it's time to get our 20-month-old daughter to wash her hands, we ask her if she wants to make "hand bubbles." My husband and I will get our hands all lathered up with soap and our daughter is beyond excited to get those bubbles on her hands. Now she asks to wash her hands all the time! — Sarah Shaheen, Evanston, Ill.

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2021年5月25日 星期二

On Tech: The big deal in Amazon’s antitrust case

The claim that Amazon is crushing competition is both novel and railroad baron-style old-school.

The big deal in Amazon's antitrust case

Helen H. Richardson/The Denver Post, via Getty Images

Hoo boy, this is a moment. A government authority in the United States has sued Amazon over claims that the company is breaking the law by unfairly crushing competition.

The lawsuit, filed on Tuesday by the attorney general for the District of Columbia, joins the recent government antitrust cases against Google and Facebook. These lawsuits will take forever, and legal experts have said that the companies likely have the upper hand in court.

The D.C. attorney general, Karl Racine, however, is making a legal argument against Amazon that is both old-school and novel, and it might become a blueprint for crimping Big Tech power.

It's a longstanding claim by some of the independent merchants who sell on Amazon's digital mall that the company punishes them if they list their products for less on their own websites or other shopping sites like Walmart.com. Those sellers are effectively saying that Amazon dictates what happens on shopping sites all over the internet, and in doing so makes products more expensive for all of us.

Racine has made this claim a centerpiece of his lawsuit. Amazon has said before that merchants have absolute authority to set prices for the products they sell on its site, but that ignores that the company has subtle levers to make merchants' products all but invisible to shoppers. If a merchant lists a product for less on another site, Amazon can respond by making it more cumbersome for a shopper to buy the item.

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Amazon, in a statement to my colleagues, said that merchants have the freedom to list and price their products however they wish, but that Amazon can chose "not to highlight" products that are not competitively priced.

Why is the attorney general's claim a big deal?

Legal experts have said that it's tricky to sue technology giants for breaking antitrust laws. That's partly because of the ways U.S. competition laws have been written, interpreted and enforced over the decades. But the lawsuit against Amazon bypasses this by saying that the tech giant hurts the public the same way that 19th-century railroads and steel giants did — by strong-arming competition and raising prices at will.

Last year, the legal scholar and Big Tech critic Tim Wu told me that he believed that those price claims were the strongest potential antitrust case against Amazon on legal grounds. (He has since been picked to advise the White House on corporate competition issues.)

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I don't know if any of these lawsuits against Big Tech will succeed at chipping away at the companies' tremendous influence. And I can't definitively say whether we're better or worse off by having a handful of powerful technology companies that make products used and often loved by billions of people.

It has been remarkable, though, to see the evolution of thinking among some of the public and politicians, from justified awe of these companies and what they make to questioning the downsides of technologies and the at-times brazen companies behind them.

It's a sometimes unfair and noisy mess. But remember why we got to this point: Technology giants are among the most powerful forces in our world, and the price of power is scrutiny.

How to fight back against bogus online information: The comedian Sarah Silverman and three of my colleagues are hosting a virtual event Wednesday about disinformation and how to combat it. Sign up here for the online event at 7 p.m. Eastern. It's open only to New York Times subscribers.

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Before we go …

  • Florida passed a law that will fine social media companies for permanently barring political candidates' accounts. The measure is most likely unconstitutional and unenforceable, Democrats, libertarian groups and tech companies told my colleague David McCabe, but it's a response to Facebook's and Twitter's suspension of former President Donald Trump.
  • Posting is life. My colleague Taylor Lorenz explains how social media invitations to a teenager's birthday party spread on TikTok and drew thousands of people and a police crackdown. The event got big partly because it was an opportunity for attendees to post compelling material online. SIGH.
  • POTUS loves Apple News? I don't like it when computers and smartphones come with the device makers' apps already installed, but it's effective — even with the president of the United States. The Washington Post reported that during the 2020 campaign Joe Biden shared with aides human interest stories from Apple News, which came on his iPhone and he apparently hadn't deleted.

Hugs to this

The Linda Lindas are glorious. Here is the talented punk band of four girls between the ages of 10 and 16 — Bela, Eloise, Mila and Lucia — playing "Racist, Sexist Boy" at a Los Angeles public library. The Guardian interviewed them about their sudden internet fame.

We want to hear from you. Tell us what you think of this newsletter and what else you'd like us to explore. You can reach us at ontech@nytimes.com.

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